Phloem Structure and Function
The phloem collects photoassimilates in green leaves, distributes them in the plant and supplies the heterotrophic plant organs (e.g. fruits, buds and roots). Phloem structure is specialized for loading, long-distance transport and unloading of assimilates. The conducting cells, called sieve elements, are highly modified to create a low-resistance pathway composed of contiguous living cells, whose long-term viability is maintained through an intimate association with companion (or Strasburger) cells. The difference in turgor pressure that is generated by osmotically active assimilates within this living conduit is the physical force that drives long-distance transport through sieve elements. Plant species have evolved a variety of strategies to generate and maintain turgor pressure between source tissues, where assimilates are synthesized or released, and sink tissues, where assimilates are utilized or stored. Signalling molecules accessing the phloem are swept along with assimilates and trigger important growth processes such as flowering.
علاقه مندی ها (Bookmarks)