Effect of accounting standards in Iran comparability stock companies financial statements 
Introduction: 
Activity accounting services, its main task of preparing and  presenting information that is actually beneficial in economic  decisions. Existential philosophy of accounting information system,  providing services to individuals and groups that various quantitative  and qualitative information to achieve their goals, used to bring the  action. In this context, system task accounting is responsible for  providing information that normally has a financial nature. Playing this  task and respond to information needs Users require preparation and  presentation of information in line with reasonable and desirable  selection acting through different mechanisms available for the  allocation of scarce economic resources in the process of trade and  economic operations will be useful. Accordingly, the information needs  of individuals and groups active in the field of economics is essential!  So much so that accounting system durability and survival, depends on  establishing a continuous interaction with the surrounding environment  is. Optimal investment decisions for the business units and to express  better allocate scarce resources in the community requires accurate  financial information are transparent and comparable. There is a lack of  information or misleading information causes adverse economic  Tsmymmgyryhay resulting in loss of economic resources, destruction of  capital markets and ultimately economic backwardness and poverty and  welfare is reduced. Pyshshrthay a foundation for confidence of investors  and creditors for constructive economic activities flourish and  ultimately economic, preparation and presentation of performance  information that financial decisions, economic and commercial benefits  to be located. Such information also working to establish the activity  and effectiveness of capital markets to help lead government policy  makings and Brnamhryzyha in economics and business units will manage  operations. Now developed countries, the financial statements as the  most important source of information to reflect the performance results  and financial position and cash flows is known as business units and  therefore the fundamental principles of preparation of financial  statements is a very important. Principles of preparation of financial  statements to the accounting standard is known to have characteristics  such that a uniform basis for the preparation of official statements and  cause adaptation methods and accounting procedures, and ultimately  provide comparability to financial statements. 
The main goal of accounting information useful for Users financial  statements for financial decision-making is. The information is provided  in the financial statements will be useful if the quality  characteristics of financial information may have. One of these quality  characteristics, is Mqays·hpzyry financial statements. Providing the  necessary conditions to compare financial information during different  periods of a business unit, financial information enables Users who  study trends, strengths and weaknesses of a business unit to evaluate.  Users of financial statements in order to be able to help optimize this  case and the correct economic decisions are taken, requires a set of  financial information with high comparability in financial statements  are dominant. Comparability of financial statements under accounting  standards ever be achieved because the accounting standards to determine  methods and procedures with accepted accounting practices reduce the  diversity that this current financial statements to compare their  ability to eventually achieve commercial units will be. 
Since the Iranian accounting standards and benchmarks identified and  measured in terms of assets, liabilities, income and expenditure in the  financial statements, including company financial statements to specify  Stock Exchange accepted, follow these standards as far as acceptance is  important in auditing financial statements annual business units to  observe these standards is dependent. In accordance with paragraph 4,  Clause 2 of the Audit Organization and the Statute and Article 6 Audit  Organization, development and expansion of duty principles and auditing  standards and accounting has been assigned to the organization and also  in accordance with paragraph (g) Article 7 The legal statute Audit  Organization, Reference expertise and formal accounting and auditing  principles and standards in our country is auditing organization. 
The Organization Committee in 1371 developed guidelines Accounting  Officer Accounting Standards in Iran. The committee in 1373 Draft  Declaration 9 accounting guidelines and framework preparation and  presentation of financial statements (Publication 96) released. 
More work, a draft five other accounting guidelines statement  (Publication No. 106) in 1375 for the poll was published. Accounting  guidelines set in 1378 for the first two years, entered into force.  Committee developed guidelines based on Board approved accounting  organization operating Rename Accounting Standards Committee had,  according to the feedback guidelines and accounting theories Expert  Group on Standards for Management and the Technical Committee and  obtaining ratification bill to the General Assembly, Standard No. 1 from  22 financial statements for the fiscal period starting from 1.1.1380  and then it is in force. 
Accounting Standards Committee continue its work with three other  accounting standard (23 to 25) financial statements for the financial  periods beginning after 01/01/1381, and is in force. 
  
If the above date in the application of accounting standards in  reporting and auditing financial statements that they are principles and  criteria determined by the Audit Organization of Iran noted that  standard, is not observed in any of the authorities will not be usable.  But in the process of standard development should always consider it to  be caused Mqrrshdh standards comparability in financial statements and  after many years development control standards with no Mqays·hpzyry  above financial statements financial statements years before the  development of international standard is used. 
But before Iran developed accounting standards, lack of formal and  uniform principles for the preparation of financial statements of many  companies including the companies accepted the Stock Exchange,  accounting standards and international accounting standard in some  countries, including America, Britain, Australia, Canada and Accounting  standards in other leading countries in the Astandardgzary, preparing  financial statements became the criterion. But after the Iranian  accounting standards and develop these principles into force, all  companies, including companies accepted the Stock Exchange were required  to observe these principles. 
But since the guidelines and accounting standards in many cases with  international accounting standards and America and Canada and other  countries where accounting standards before they Accounting Standards  financial statements prepared in Iran criterion was not consistent, it  was thought that the lack of policy stability and uniform accounting  methods used in before and after the Iranian Accounting Standards  comparability of financial statements raise the following question.  Therefore, in this study, researchers of all procedures used by  companies in the study accepted the Stock Exchange after the required  accounting standards before it is studied. 
  
  
Realm of time and place 
 Geographic scope of this study accepted companies in Tehran Stock Exchange is. 
Since the decision to establish official principles and develop uniform  guidelines on 1/1/1378 with a gradual start and continued since the  company accepted the Stock Exchange before 01/01/1378 methods and  arbitrary procedures After compiling the standard required to implement  standardized, comparison of financial statements in the years before the  standards required by each other and in the years after the standards  required to avoid each other, and all procedures used in the years  before the development of guidelines and standard procedures on 1.1.1378  with all used in the years following the standards required by the  latest standard (standard accounting and retirement plans), which is the  date on 1/1/1384, has been compared . 
   
  Sampling 
Since the methods and procedures used by all companies  accepted in the stock market is impossible to represent the  characteristics of the sampling statistic is used. Therefore, stratified  random sampling as sampling in this study has been selected. In this  method, first of all survey (companies accepted the Stock Exchange) to  different categories (classified by type of industry) and then divided  into random samples from each industry according to size companies in  the industry are included. 
 
 
  Assumptions 
1 - Balance Sheet comparability, the obligation to maintain standards of accounting in Iran has been. 
2 - If comparability profit and loss, the obligation to maintain standards of accounting in Iran has been. 
3 - Cash Flow Statements comparability, the obligation to maintain standards of accounting is Iran.
   
Data mining techniques 
Research data to extract all the procedures first used by  those companies in Tehran Stock Exchange accepted the survey is a  component, before and after the Iranian accounting standards require the  financial statements and notes of financial statements with the  extraction and standards comparability of financial statements (Table 2)  has been consistent about that percentage of procedures used in  financial statements comparability criteria described (Table 3) is. 
  
                        
                    
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